Clavicle Fractures
The notes on this page are written as a source of information to both patients and health professionals. It is a general overview and its content should not be seen as direct medical advice. Further information regarding diagnosis and treatment specific to your condition can be made via a consultation with Dr Amaranath.
Anatomy of the clavicle
The clavicle (collarbone) is the prominent bone at the top of the chest which connects the trunk of the body to the shoulder. It can be divided into medial, middle and lateral ends. The medial end connects with the sternum to form the sternoclavicular joint, while the lateral end makes up the acromioclavicular joint. It functions to help shoulder movements, protect important neurovascular structures and transmit forces from the trunk to the upper limb.
What happens in a clavicle fracture?
When the clavicle is fractured (broken) there may be pain, swelling, tenting of skin and commonly limited movement in the shoulder. As the clavicle has multiple functions, stabilisation and anatomical restoration will help restore good functional outcomes through bony healing.
What are the common causes?
Most clavicle fractures are caused by a fall or direct trauma to the lateral aspect of the shoulder or clavicle directly.
What are the preferred Investigations/Imaging?
Plain X-Ray of the clavicle - This should include an Anterior/Posterior and Zanca view (15-degree cephalic tilt of X-ray beam).
CT scan of clavicle - This is commonly used to further quantify and accurately diagnose fractures of the medial and lateral ends of the clavicle if the plain X-ray is not enough.
What are the treatment options?
Non-operative – This treatment may be reserved for minimally displaced fractures and fractures in children.
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation – In active patients the fractured fragments of bone in the clavicle are resorted to their anatomical position via an open approach and stabilised with a plate and screws. This allows early range of motion to the arm and in some instances greater rates of healing with a faster return to sport and activities.
What does the rehabilitation/recovery involve?
To find out more about rehabilitation and recovery after upper limb surgery please see our Rehabilitation Protocols here.
